The Tooth by Clara Spencer - 1530 Words

As Laurell K Hamilton once said, â€Å"death is the last intimate thing we ever do†. It comes in different ways and at different times, but death comes for all of us. In Kate Chopin’s novel The Awakening, Edna is faced with enormous heartache and desperation that she feels she has no other choice but to take her own life. This is paralleled in The Tooth and The Lottery, two short stories by Shirley Jackson. Both stories feature a character who is met with their death at unexpected moments in their lives, but in very different situations. The event of death plays a central role in these three works. In the short story, The Tooth, Clara Spencer is leaving home to go to the dentist. She has had a toothache for as long as she can remember.†¦show more content†¦Mandelet. The doctor tells him that this behavior will pass and that Leonce should just leave her alone. With Leonce gone, Edna begins a new life of living for herself. She finds a new home to live in dependently. She is still madly in love with Robert, and begins an unemotional affair with a man named Arobin. She begins a new friendship with Mademoiselle Reisz, a pianist. Edna loves to listen to Mademoiselle Reisz play the piano and wants to become an artist. She begins painting as she once did in her youth. Edna learns that Reisz has been receiving letter from Robert who is in Mexico. Edna is eager to read them and hurt that Robert has not written to her. Reisz encourages Edna to give in to her feelings for Robert and to act on them. Robert returns to New Orleans, as he cannot stay away from Edna. Robert admits to Edna that he is in love with her as she is with him. She suggests that they can have the relationship that they both want, and can live together. Edna leaves Robert to be with Adele during the birth of her child. Adele sees that Edna has become distant since her relationship with Robert has intensified. She urges Edna to think of her children, something that she cannot fathom. She cannot imagine every giving up who she is for anyone, even her own children. Edna begins to feel that she has acted selfishly. While she is gone, Robert decides that he cannot bringShow MoreRelatedA Feministic View on Jackson’s Short Stories ‘the Lottery’ and ‘the Tooth’2969 Words   |  12 Pagesaction, setting, and symbolic references Shirley Jackson put in both of the stories shows that the female protagonist in both ‘The Lottery’ and ‘The Tooth should be considered as a woman with a feminist attitude towards a male-dominated society. The first short story which will be discussed is ‘The Lottery’. The second story to be discussed is ‘The Tooth’. In order to get a clear view on why these two short stories can in fact be considered stories with a feminist message, this essay will first of allRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1 422 Pages7 98.8 96.7 91.2 95.0 98.6 79.8 94.4 85.1 85.0 95.0 89.6 74.7 91.0 96.8 95.5 97.2 87.8 94.6 95.9 84.6 90.8 93.9 91.3 97.8 95.0 84.5 95.3 San Benito San Bernardino San Diego San Francisco San Joaquin San Luis Obispo San Mateo Santa Barbara Santa Clara Santa Cruz Shasta Sierra Siskiyou Solano Sonoma Stanislaus Sutter Tehama Trinity Tulare Tuolomne Ventura Yolo Yuba 83.5 83.1 96.6 94.4 86.3 98.1 88.8 95.5 84.6 89.6 97.5 88.5 97.7 87.3 96.5 94.4 89.3 97.3 97.5 87.6 98.5 92.1 94.6 91.6 a. Construct

My Role As A Young Child - 1514 Words

My role as a young child often involved taking care of Megan and Shane. Getting them dressed and washed-up, combing their hair and keeping an eye on them. When my father walked out and my mom was left to take care of all of us on her own my responsibilities to the family changed. My roles include babysitter, student, and helper. Not only did I help care for Megan and Shane but after school I would go to the motels where my mom was a maid and help clean the rooms. When my mother remarried and we moved to San Jose life once again drastically changed as did my role in the family. My role in this family, at least at first, was to be a student and a daughter. My role would later change when my step-father(William) decided that he should be the man to â€Å"show me how it was done,† in reference to sex. Over the years I was still required to see my adoptive father (James) for visitation. I want to say my role was daughter but my adoptive father made it clear that I was not h is â€Å"real† daughter, because according to him his daughter would have been nothing like me, I guess she would have been pretty and perfect and according to him, I was not (thick glasses, very tall for my age, buck teeth, and according to him stupid and useless, and a waste of his time). As I read through an article written by George A. Boyd (1992), titled â€Å"When You Grow Up In a Dysfunctional Family,† amongst his descriptions of the various roles of hero, scapegoat, enabler†¦I found theShow MoreRelatedPositive Role Model in the Children and Young Peoples Workforce835 Words   |  4 PagesHomework – 24/05/11 Write about what is a positive role model in children and young peoples work force and all about you and your job role. 400 words 100 words evaluation Include your qualities skills workplace policies and procedures. Write About What Is A Positive Role Model In Children And Young Peoples Workforce And All About You And Your Job Role. Role Models And Why They Should Be Positive. One way in which children learn is by watching and copying others. â€Å"ChildrenRead MoreMy Son, My Executioner Essay649 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"My Son, My Executioner† In the Donald Hall poem,† My Son, My Executioner, â€Å"Hall depicted a father who has grown old, holding their young child in their arms. Hall portrayed strong imagery of a fatherly figure giving up everything to care for his young child. The tone of the poem is both happy and dark. Hall’s theme showed that once a person has a child, the parent’s life is completely changed. â€Å"My Son, My Executioner† is a very well written poem with a deep, true meaning that readers could relateRead MoreMaslows Hierarchy of Needs to Safeguarding the Children and Youth841 Words   |  4 PagesThe theory which contributes to the theme is Maslow’s hierarchy of needs which talks about â€Å"a positive environment and positive relationships are an important part of supporting every child or young person’s needs†, Taylor Et al, (2012:p13). Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is most often displayed as a pyramid. As people progress up the pyramid, needs become increasingly psychological and social. Maslow talks about children’s safety needs and how they need to feel security. â€Å"Maslow placed a real importanceRead MoreChildhood1618 Words   |  7 Pagesyears framework in England is the EYFS. The early year’s foundation stage consists of a statutory curriculum for children from birth to 5years. All child care providers must use the early year’s foundation stage to ensure a consistent and flexible approach to children’s care, learning and development in order for the child to meet the five every child matters outcomes. The welfare requirement is enforced by Regulations made under Section 39, (1) (b) of the Childcare Act 2006. There are six areaRead MoreShc 32: Understand What Is Required for Competence in Own Work Role.924 Words   |  4 PagesSHC 32: Understand what is required for competence in own work role. 1.1 Describe the duties and responsibilities of own work role. As a professional child carer, my day-to-day role adheres to the CACHE values, by ensuring that the child is at the centre of my practice, and their needs are paramount [Bruce Meggitt, 2012]. It is my role therefore to use the right skills and attitudes to create a safe, happy, positive, stimulating, multicultural learning environment in which children are caredRead MoreGender Roles Are A Set Of Societal Norms Essay1648 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Gender roles are a set of societal norms dictating the types of behaviors which are generally considered acceptable, appropriate, or desirable for people based on their actual or perceived sex or sexuality† (Oxford). Is it a boy or girl? What sport will he play? When will she take dance lessons? Women shouldn’t have jobs! Men should work while women take care of the house! Women belong in the kitchen! Men don’t do household chores! These are just some examples of stereotypes adopted by societyRead MoreThe Importance O f Safeguarding Children And Young People1585 Words   |  7 PagesUnderstand the importance of working in partnership with other organisations to safeguard children and young people. To show your understanding of this, please supply the following. An explanation of the importance of safeguarding children and young people. mAll children and young people have a right to be protected and it is our job as adults to ensure this is carried out. We are responsible for protecting them and keeping them from harm. It is our duty to protect them whilst they are at schoolRead MoreContribute to the development of children and young people1048 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Outcome 1 – Be able to contribute to assessments of the development needs of children and young people Outcome 1 – Be able to contribute to assessments of the development needs of children and young people (1.1) Share your EYFS assessment records and observations with your assessor For confidentiality reasons these records are kept in the office in a locked cabinet. Assessor to confirm that observations are carried out in all areas of development (1.2) List different observation methodsRead MorePrinciples of Implementing Duty of Care in HS Care or CYps Settings1244 Words   |  5 PagesSocial Care, Children and Young People (Also see additional guidance notes for individual units) Unit 4222-304 Principles for implementing duty of care in health, social care or children’s and young people’s settings. Assignment – Short Answer Questions LO 1 1.1 Explain what it means to have a duty of care in your work role. Duty of care is defined as ‘legal obligation to take reasonable care to avoid causing damage’. Duty of care in my role at work includes keepingRead MoreChris Polito. Paola Brown. Eng102. 25 March 2008. Single1263 Words   |  6 Pagesof children raised by single parents versus children raised by both a mother and a father. Does a child need both parents? Does a young boy need a father figure around? Does the government provide help for single parents? What role do step-parents and step-siblings play? With much speculation, this topic has become a very intriguing argument. What people must understand is that properly raising a child does not rely on the structure of a family but should be more focused on the process or values that

The Confederation Of British Industry Education Essay Free Essays

When seting the alumnus attributes into context in the employment facet, here in the United Kingdom among the 67 taking employers, that offer workplace to the United Kingdom ‘s population, the top 5 employers come to be? WhatIf! Innovation, AmicusHorizon, ARM Ltd, Avanade UK Ltd and Bentley Motors Ltd ( Source: britainstopemployers ) . alumnuss in professions organic structure are frequently requiredA to take a preparative twelvemonth or the twelvemonth of preparation that is paid less than ?20,000 a twelvemonth, but when to the full trained and graduated in their professional Fieldss, the rewards tends to lift well, the get downing wages for undergraduate will depend on what occupation you have been prompted to make or on which sector you are located: as concern survey graduates earn ?21,329 a twelvemonth ( the complete university usher ) nevertheless, the minimal wage for alumnus in my chosen sector of Marketing Analyst goes from ?20000 to ?45000 a twelvemonth ( Source: micha elpage ) / ( Beginning: guardianjobs ) . The turning industries here in the UK are largely Retailers ‘ companies, which are owned and run by enterprisers ( Beginning: fasttrack ) . We will write a custom essay sample on The Confederation Of British Industry Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now To going a selling analyst as my future occupation ‘s function as a alumnus to be, is really competitory and house and holding been graduated as a unmarried man ‘s might non be sufficient, even holding a grade in maestro without a work experience could non besides be advantageous. However, I should equilibrate my instruction and work field in stead of a prompt opportunity in employment, as the entries requirement in footings of accomplishments start by supplying rival analysis, market research, pricing scheme, prediction, database use and general market analysis. I should be able placing forms and tendencies, patterning mark clients and industry sectors and construing informations to place chances. As most administrations demand, I should hold some commercial selling experience within a similar analytical selling function and skilled in informations use and tendency staining. I must be able to pass on good orally and in authorship, I besides need a good critical thought a nd be analytical skilled. It ‘s besides requires to see myself go oning on instruction beyond BA by holding my Maestro in selling, finance or economic sciences in order to put myself a more competitory rival, by holding achieved my alumnus class with 1st category or 2:1 category class, which is likely best if I hope to go a Marketing Analyst. Another thing related to my chosen alumnus aspiration as a Marketing Analyst, is to get the hang a 2nd linguistic communication to increase my research pool and do myself a more valuable add-on to employers and looking for work experience of early functions in finance or selling, as many employers require at least a anterior twelvemonth experience ( Beginning: eHow ) . Now base on these demand of Marketing Analyst, my usual aim is to see myself as a individual utile to the society, holding established a concern activity of my ain, where I will be working as a exclusive bargainer but in the other manus, I besides ought to keep an undergraduate certification to force myself frontward to be a Marketing Analyst in the hereafter. My self-assessment cognition A ; Current accomplishments In my current function at my working topographic point, as a Team Leader that I am, I largely engage myself with strategic believing on how to delight my superior and non to be let down with the squad I am working with, I therefore design strategic action program of all time since we are all working in a busy environment with long hours of standing. I ever work with my squad merely to maintain them concentrate and stay optimistic and convey my aim at the terminal of the displacement, as I am an unfastened individual I efficaciously balance personal and work life to the people I work with, this is where I am more unfastened, relax and critic could be done where betterment could be applied by accommodating behavior and methods of work in response to new information, altering fortunes or unexpected hurdlings. I am non ever right but I quickly adjust to new state of affairs and declaration, by making and prolong an organisational civilization which encourages others to supply me with their personal idea. I besides enable my squad with self-awareness to execute good by demoing committedness to each over, I understand that the work is non easy when you have to stand for 12 hours and some people are non physically fit to stand for that long, this is where the work force is cut downing the attempt to work toward my nonsubjective as I ever monitor the work every hours sing what we have produced so fare and when I perceive the work non at the criterion he has to be I rapidly take action to happen out what went incorrect with my squad how to better the work, I improvise action program to forestall possible state of affairss that could ensue in unpleasant before my superior and I. I sometime trade with confrontations among my squad where as a Team Leader, I tend to work out struggles and dissensions in a positive mode to minimise negative impact on my work. I largely motivate my squad and steer them toward end achievement. I systematically develop and prolong concerted working relationships with everyone from work topographic point to everywhere I go, when it comes to working with person I have ne’er worked with. I encourage and facilitate cooperation with friends at the University and with my squad. At my work topographic point, I tend to place and analyze jobs ; distinguishes between relevant and irrelevant information to do logical determinations, I exercises good judgement by doing sound and intelligent determinations ; by comprehending the impact and deductions my determinations ; I so schedule it on my paper note where I ever keep record of what I have to make each twenty-four hours when I am at work by doing effectual and timely determinations, even when my solutions given to them seems to be unpleasant effects ; but ever tend to do certain that what I am making is proactive and achievement oriented I besides make clear and convincing unwritten presentations to individual in the group I work with because we all have linguistic communications barrier where most of us including I, English is non our first linguistic communication. I express myself efficaciously and clear up information as needed ; I facilitate an unfastened exchange of thoughts and further an ambiance of unf astened communicating where at the terminal I provide solutions to the squad where each single member of my squad will be working based on my judgement or determination which will come to work out the jobs. Now when looking the external influence that has impact on my future calling and my current accomplishments and cognition at the work topographic point, it leads me to be up to day of the month with national and international policies on how to be at the phase I want it to make. However I should by now measure myself with et good development program to accomplish the demand accomplishment and abilities to be qualify as a Marketing Analyst and here is how I am be aftering to construct myself up to make my end at the terminal of my educational calling. When utilizing Gibbs ‘ reflecting usher theory ( Beginning: Gibbs ) , I have come to place where I lack the most as it has been described on the demand standards to be an effectual Marketing Analyst. I have felt to make somethi ng about it in order to finish the standard demand. When measuring this experience of mine, I have understood that based on my current cognition I still necessitate more to make if I want to be a Marketing Analyst as when foregrounding the specific keys country it says, I should be able to supply rival analysis, market research, pricing scheme, prediction, database use and general market analysis. I should besides hold some commercial selling and skilled in informations use and tendency staining. With careful analyse of these demand I came to reason how I should undertake my aim to be, by conveying an action program to assist myself accomplish it. I will utilize the SWOT analyses A ; SMART objective ; the two types of analyses are both utile separately but besides help when they are used together since it is more relevant to internal and external factors influence. Method for Taking Action Strength: My strength is that as a Team Leader I largely cover the scope of accomplishment needed at my current phase and because I am still in the academic twelvemonth in International Business which will be due in 2015 I will still derive more progress cognition in the close hereafter to unite with what I have so far. However, a arrangement it besides given to us pupils which is an of import chance to use for a place in the working environment that suits with my future function to be. Failing: My failing at my current phase that I am non truly certain that idea I will be on work arrangement I will come to carry through all these demand needed to efficaciously be a Marketing Analyst. Opportunity: My chance is the manus given from the University to use the work arrangement base on our personal aim or future calling and besides because I am a pupil in the concern environment I will still come with faculty that mushes with my future function to be Menaces: The menace to me will be I am in the right way to accomplish my end and will I hold much clip to be focus on my survey while working and seek to get by with the aspiration function demand. Specific: My specific aspiration to me will be working hard in order to be a graduate pupil with the standard demand accomplishment and ability needed to be measure uping as a Marketing Analyst. Measurable: measuring in its sense to intend how I will put myself with a agenda to follow consistently my day-to-day undertaking on how to accomplish my terminal aim, which is to work hard while I am still in the instruction to keep a alumnus certification and besides implement on the cardinal factors that could take me to be an effectual Selling Analyst Accomplishable: Accomplishable will be such as inquiry grade to me based on my purpose as I want to be holder of alumnus certification and get the standard demand of my aspirational function to be, but will it be possible base on my agenda? I believe yes I can, due to the attempt I will be seting on my survey to acquire things done and right and besides to working aboard with my future function standard demand to accomplish my dream. Relevant: Relevant in my instance, will be the result of my survey as a pupil and will it leads me to derive the standard demand to accomplish my nonsubjective? Yes it will be relevant to me, by come oning thru my undergraduate old ages with good class scored at the concluding twelvemonth of my survey which starts from now. I should aim myself to be qualify with at least first or second/first which could run into my demands and expertness and toward the employers Time: speaking of clip to me as a pupil in the module of Business and Law, clip will be the utile tool to agenda things which I need to carry through in my life with a specific criterion that helps me work thru the timescale that I will plan to accomplish my aim, where it requires me to I ever be focus on in order to accomplish my purpose. How to cite The Confederation Of British Industry Education Essay, Essay examples

Economic Globalism and the new regionalism - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the EconomicGlobalism and the new regionalism. Answer: Introduction It is to be stated that the economy of all the countries of the world has become connected and integrated in the modern time. This process started in the early 80s and it has been continuing till date. It is due to this reason that the transportation costs have reduced drastically and the capital flow to all countries of the world have increased due to Foreign Direct investment (Stromquist Monkman, 2014). This process of becoming connected to all the countries of the world has been termed as globalization. Globalization remains till date a popular yet controversial issue which has been defined loosely. The main concerns which have arisen due to globalization are its impacts on income distribution and employment terms. It can be said that globalization has had more significant impacts on income distribution and employment terms in developed countries compared to developing countries (Stromquist Monkman, 2014). The impacts of globalization on developing countries has been subjected t o a lot of debate Project Objective To understand the socio-economic benefits and impacts of globalisation on developing countries To investigate the outcome of developing countries exposing themselves to globalisation To evaluate the effect of globalisation on the income distribution between the developed and developing countries Project Scope This research will talk shed light on the socio economic impact of globalization in developing countries. It will also allow future researchers to conduct researches based on the findings f this research. Literature Review It is to be mentioned that foreign direct investment has increased significantly in service and manufacturing sector. As opined by Obstfeld (2015), the impacts of globalisation are different on different countries of the world. It has potentially impacted the developed countries more than the developing ones. With the advent and advancement of technology cross border trade between developed and developing countries has increased significantly. Globalisation has resulted in the increase in wealth in developed countries. However according to Cavusgil et al. (2014) in developing countries globalisation has caused significant reduction of poverty. The best example of the positive effect of globalisation is the increased economic growth of the developing countries in Asia which has in turn reduced the margin of income distribution between developing and developed countries. However, despite having positive effect globalisation has still not impacted many developing countries where poverty has remained unaffected by the globalisation (Pieterse, 2015). It is to be mentioned that cities are receiving more benefits than rural areas due to globalization. It has been observed that people in the developing countries of Tanzania,Uganda and Kenya have come up with integrated telephone payment transaction method called M- payment. They are using it to transfer money from the people in urban areas to the people residing in the rural areas . The income gap between the between the developed and developing countries has increased following some serious financial problems faced by a large number of countries of the world. It has been noted that ninety percent of the financial transactions of the world were done by only 25 countries of the world. The globalised capital shared by low income developing countries account for less than one percent of the total transactions done worldwide (Dreher, 2006). Therefore it can be mentioned that Globalisation has had positive impacts on only a few of the countries of the world. The socio-economic impact of Globalisation on a developing country was observed by a study to assess the impact of Globalisation on the fields such as trade and economic process, health and education system. The study also shed light on the impact of globalisation on the culture of a country. It is to be mentioned that World Bank is supporting the developing countries carry on trade in international markets by granting loans to such countries. The developed countries are also providing financial assistance to the developing and underdeveloped countries (Bodislav, 2015). It is to be mentioned that globalisation has reduced the chances of war in the modern era as all countries share their resources and wealth. People and materials are transported across borders which have in turn resulted in creating good relationships between the countries. However, it can be stated that there are some negative impacts of globalisation on the world. The developed countries are being able to open up mo re factories and employ more people from developing and underdeveloped countries due to the low wage rates and low cost of raw materials. This in turn increases pollution and also leads to unequal wealth creation. However, it creates more job opportunities for people (Thirwall, 2003). Health and education system- Health and education are closely related to each other and they are the fundamental elements which are essential for the growth and development of a country. It can be mentioned that globalization has had positive impacts on health and educations systems in developing countries. Due to globalization there is an all time high demand of skilled workforce. Such demand cannot be met without improvement in the educations system. People are therefore acquiring higher education to keep up with the demand. This in turn improves the standard of living and life expectancy of people in developing countries. It is to be mentioned that with the increased economic development government of developing countries are able to allocate more budget for health and education system. The life expectancy of people has drastically increased to 60 years which is almost twice of what it was 100 years ago (Meraj, 2013). Globalization has enabled doctors to identify new diseases and discover mediation for such diseases. It is because of globalization that international organizations like World health organization (WHO) and UNESCO are developing steps to increase the literacy rate and eliminate dangerous diseases from countries. However, it can be mentioned that one of the major negative impacts of Globalization is spreading of diseases with the migration of people from different countries all over the world. Highly educated and skilled professionals are moving to developed countries for better life style and higher wages which has reduced skilled workforce in developing countries. (Morita, 2015). Cultural Effect- It is to be mentioned that globalization has both good and bad effects on the culture of developing countries. The culture of many developed countries has been imposed on developing nations. People of such developing countries have inculcated the cultures of the developed nations and have discarded their own culture mainly due to the patronizing attitude of people and their colonial heritages. However, it can be said that without globalization people would have never been able to know about the different types of cultures existing in the world. It can be said that without the advent and advancement in technology it would never been possible to be updated about what is happening all over the world. Globalization has also influenced the consumer behavior of the people in a way that it has become impossible to differentiate between them except for their native language (Ray, 2012). It is to be mentioned that there two issues which are required to be evaluated to understand globalisations impact on income distribution. The first issue is the impact of globalisation income distribution. The second issue is the assessment of whether income distribution is a useful measure of economic development. According to the investigation conducted by the IMF on the 42 countries which house majority of the world population it can be said that a drastic rise in the per capita production level has been witnessed since globalisation has taken place. Thus it can be said that all the major developing countries of the world has become involved in the process of globalization and the socio economic status of such countries has significantly improved due globalizations influence. However, globalization has some drawbacks. Globalization can be held responsible for destruction of the tradition, cultures and languages of the developing countries. Spreading of dangerous diseases and abuse of drugs has significantly increased over the years due to globalization. Research Questions Primary Question What are the socio economic benefits and impacts of globalisation on developing countries? Secondary Questions What will be the outcome if developing countries choose to open or expose its economy to the process of globalisation? What will be the effect of globalisation on the income distribution between the developed and developing countries? Research hypothesis H0- The socio economic benefit due to globalisation is not based on employability level of the people H1- The socio economic benefit is based on the employability level of the people due to globalisation. Research methodology To conduct the research it is important to proceed with research in an organized and systematic manner. The researcher is required to indentify and explore the different techniques available to the researcher to conduct the research. Research Instrument There are three types of research instruments which are used to conduct researches. They are exploratory, explanatory and descriptive. It can be said that exploratory and explanatory merely explore the research questions and do not provide conclusive solutions (Billig, Waterman, 2014). Therefore the descriptive approach has been adopted to conduct the research in an efficient manner as it will provide a conclusive solution. Data Analysis Process It can be mentioned that the researcher will collect data from primary sources for conducting the research. The researcher will conduct a survey and analyse the results of the survey using the SPSS statistical tool. It will help the researcher to provide recommendation in an organized manner. Sampling There are two types of sampling process required for conducting researches. They are probability and non-probability sampling (Neuman, Robson, 2014). To conduct this research the researcher will use the probability type of sampling as it will provide a definite solution. The researcher will make questionnaires and conduct the survey on hundred people to analyse their views on impact of globalisation on developing countries. Interviewing and questionary design Semi structured interview will be used by the researcher to conduct this research in an efficient manner as it will be instrumental in maintaining a balance between flexibility of an open interview and a structured ethnographic survey (Brinkmann, 2014). Reliability and Validity of Data There are various types of protocols available to ensure validity and reliability of data collected in a research. While conducting this research the researchers will to take measures to ensure data integrity and will also have to take measures to analyse the data strategically to ensure that it is valid and reliable. Research Limitations To conduct this research the researcher has mainly faced the problem of time constrain and shortage of budget. The shortage of time and the budget are the primary limitations. Time Schedule Activity Months 1st Week 2nd Week 3rd Week 4th Week 5th Week 6th Week 7th Week Finalizing the topic Collecting data from secondary sources Forming a layout of the research work Conducting Literature review Forming the research plan Selecting appropriate research methodologies Concluding the Study Designing a rough draft Conclusion Thus in conclusion it can be said that after conducting this research it is expected that the results of such research will help identify the positive as well as the negative impacts of globalisation in developing countries. The impact of globalisation is expected to be beneficial to both developing and developed countries as it will create increased employment opportunities and lead to increased wealth creation. Bibliography Asteriou, D., Dimelis, S., Moudatsou, A. (2014). Globalization and income inequality: A panel data econometric approach for the EU27 countries.Economic modelling,36, 592-599. Baylis, J., Owens, P., Smith, S. (Eds.). (2017).The globalization of world politics: An introduction to international relations. Oxford University Press.. Billig, S. H., Waterman, A. S. (Eds.). (2014).Studying service-learning: Innovations in education research methodology. Routledge. Bodislav, A. D. A., 2015. Globalization- engine for economic growth. Journal of Knowledge Management, Economics and Information Technology, Volume V(6), pp. 1-9. Brinkmann, S. (2014). Interview. InEncyclopedia of Critical Psychology(pp. 1008-1010). Springer New York. Cavusgil, S. T., Knight, G., Riesenberger, J. R., Rammal, H. G., Rose, E. L. (2014).International business. Pearson Australia Claessens, S., Horen, N. (2014). Foreign banks: Trends and impact.Journal of Money, Credit and Banking,46(s1), 295-326. Dreher, A., 2006. Does Globalization Affect Growth?Empirical Evidence from a new index Globalization. Applied Economics , Volume 38 (10), pp. 1091-1110. Faini, R., Grether, J. M., De Melo, J. (2015). Globalization and migratory pressures from developing countries: a simulation analysis. InModeling Developing Countries' Policies in General Equilibrium(pp. 317-346). Hay, C., Marsh, D. (Eds.). (2016).Demystifying globalization. Springer. Laursen, K. (2015). Revealed comparative advantage and the alternatives as measures of international specialization.Eurasian Business Review,5(1), 99-115. Meraj, M., 2013. Impact of globalization and trade openness on economic growth in Bangladesh. Ritsumeikan Journal of Asia Pacific Studies, Volume 32, pp. 40-50. Morita, T. T. H., 2015. Does globalization foster economic growth?. The Japanese Economic Review, Volume 66 (4), pp. 492-519. Neuman, W. L., Robson, K. (2014).Basics of social research. Pearson Canada. Obstfeld, M. (2015). Trilemmas and trade-offs: living with financial globalisation. Ray, S., 2012. Globalization and Economic Growth in India: A Granger Casuality Approach. Journal of Law, Policy and Globalization, Volume 2, pp. 18-30. Stromquist, N. P., Monkman, K. (2014). Defining globalization and assessing its implications for knowledge and education, revisited.Globalization and education: Integration and contestation across cultures,1. Stromquist, N. P., Monkman, K. (Eds.). (2014).Globalization and education: Integration and contestation across cultures. RL Education. Sunkel, O., Inotai, A. (2016).Globalism and the new regionalism(Vol. 1). Springer. Thirwall, A., 2003. Growth Development with special reference to developing economies. 7th ed. Palgrave Macmilan: New York: s.n.

Virtual Reality Essay Example For Students

Virtual Reality Essay Virtual Reality is interactivity in such a way that the user actually feelsimmersed in the world that the computer creates. Special clothing, headgear andequipment, depending upon the application. The clothing contains sensors thatrecord the users movements and immediately transmit that information back to thecomputer. For example, to walk through a virtual reality simulation of a house,you would need garb that monitors the movement of your feet, hands and head. Youwould also need goggles that contain video screens and also audio attachmentsand feeling gloves so that you can be immersed in the computer feedback. Virtualreality also provides benefits in educational, scientific and business work. We will write a custom essay on Virtual Reality specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Japan has just put it to work in its department stores. The stores sell kitchenappliances called Virtual Kitchen. The prospective buyers bring their kitchenlayouts to the department store, where trained staff enters a copy of the designinto the computer. The customers then don the appropriate equipment and suddenlyfind themselves in their own kitchen. These appliances can be tried out invarious sizes, colours and locations. They can also test the opening and closingof the cabinet doors and drawers. They can place their existing table and chairsinto the picture so that the scene will be very realistic. They can walk aroundand discover and feel the ambiance of the new kitchen. With this technology, thecustomer is able to buy with a great more deal of confidence What Are Its UsesVirtual Reality is used: 1) In surgery system to view the virtual brain withsuperb three dimensional reality. 2) To simulate fatigue of cancer patients 3)In some electronic games 4) To stimulate construction des igns 5) In amusementpark attractions.

Top 10 Confused Words in English [A-B]

Top 10 Confused Words in English [A-B] Top 10 Confused Words in English [A-B] Top 10 Confused Words in English [A-B] By Maeve Maddox In compiling a list of the top ten confused words, it’s difficult to choose between simple misspellings and words whose meanings are mixed up in the mind of the writer. For example, the word altar (raised structure for sacrifice) is frequently misspelled as alter. The writer probably knows the difference between the noun altar and the verb alter, but hasn’t learned the fact that they are spelled differently. Likewise, the pair its/it’s usually tops lists of â€Å"confused words,† but it seems to me that writers who commit errors with this pair have problems with the correct use of the apostrophe in general. The words in the following list represent misunderstanding of the words’ meanings and not simply an inability to spell them correctly. Notice that this post covers words starting with the letters a and b. 1. affect / effect These two words have specialized meanings in psychology, but in ordinary speech and writing, affect is most often used as a verb meaning â€Å"to act on or to cause a change† and effect as a noun meaning â€Å"a change that is the result of some action†: How will the move to New Orleans affect the family? (verb) What is the effect of this move on the children? (noun) Note: Effect can also be used as a verb meaning â€Å"to cause† or â€Å"to bring about†: The new mayor has effected positive change in the police department. 2. advice / advise The error with this pair results from mispronunciation and failure to distinguish between a noun and a verb. The c in advice is pronounced with the sound of /s/. The s in advise is pronounced with he sound of /z/. Advice is a noun meaning â€Å"recommendation regarding a decision.† Advise is a verb meaning â€Å"to recommend†: She always gives me good advice. (noun) What do you advise me to do? (verb) 3. aisle / isle Both words are nouns. An aisle is a passageway between rows of seats, shelves, or other fixtures or obstacles that people need to move between. An isle is an island: You’ll find the children in the toy aisle. Robinson Crusoe was stranded on a desert isle. I want a modern kitchen with a work isle in the middle. 4. adverse / averse Both words are adjectives that imply a form of opposition. Something that acts against one’s interests or well-being is adverse. The word averse describes feelings of repugnance towards something: The jury delivered an adverse verdict against the defendant. Ferris Bueller was averse to attending school that morning. 5. amoral / immoral Morals and morality relate to considerations of right or wrong. For anyone who has internalized a code of moral behavior, acting against it is immoral. For example, Macbeth acknowledges that it is wrong for a host to kill his guest, but he and his wife do it anyway. Their murder of Duncan is immoral. When the sharks in Jaws kill people, their behavior is amoral. They don’t feel that it’s wrong to kill a human being. Here are two examples of current uses of amoral: Nature is  amoral. Nature is neither good nor bad. It just is. Mr. David Coleman once said that no one really cares about what a student thinks and feels. What is important is writing and reading information text. Thus, the Common Core is an amoral curriculum. 6. appraise / apprise Appraise means â€Å"to set a value on something.† Apprise means â€Å"to inform†: A new Audemars-Piquet limited-edition womens pocket watch with Swiss movement  appraised at  $13,500. As stated in  Marby, only when it develops that the defendant was not fairly apprised of its consequences can his plea be challenged under the Due Process Clause.    7. aural / oral The adjective aural relates to the ear or to hearing. The adjective oral relates to the mouth or speaking. The study investigates  listening  and aural  experience in a New York City community devoted to avant-garde jazz. A good  oral presentation  is well structured; this makes it easier for the listener to follow. After the accident, Jones required extensive oral surgery. 8. bring / take Both of these verbs have multiple meanings, but as a pair, they form opposites in the context of conveying something from one place to another. Bring is â€Å"to carry along from one place to another.† The word implies motion towards the place where the speaker or auditor is. Take also means â€Å"to carry something to another place,† but the movement is away from a place. The Chicago Manual of Style explains the difference this way: The simple question is, where is the action directed? If it’s toward you, use bring (e. g., bring home the bacon). If it’s away from you, use take (e.g., take out the trash). You take (not bring) your car to the mechanic. 9. bated / baited The error with these words occurs in the idiom â€Å"with bated breath.† The error is to write baited for bated. In the context of the idiom, bated means â€Å"in great suspense.† In another context, baited means â€Å"with bait attached,† as in â€Å"The hook is baited with a worm.† 10. broach / brooch Both words are pronounced the same. Broach is a verb meaning â€Å"to open up.† Literally, one might broach a cask of wine. Figuratively, one might broach a subject in conversation: I sat and waited in the awkward silence, trying to decide if I wanted to  broach the  subject of  his  hesitation  in Belgrave Square. Brooch is a noun. Originally, a brooch was used like a safety pin to fasten clothing together. Those who could afford it wore decorative brooches fashioned of precious metals set with precious stones. No longer essential to secure clothing, a brooch is usually just an ornament pinned to something: Create a choker necklace using a narrow scarf and  flashy brooch. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:12 Signs and Symbols You Should Know"Owing to" vs "Due to"7 Sound Techniques for Effective Writing

Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 8

Annotated Bibliography Example Based on the findings, the participants discovered that teaching a foreign language was done best through communicating in the target language as much as possible (Raymond, 2000). The materials used should be designed for native speakers and involve meaningful contexts for the language use. Practice should be based on open ended as well as structured activities for better impact (Raymond, 2000). In conclusion the research is helpful to those involved and reveals a number of aspects that have assisted the participants to improve the methods that they utilize in their teachings. The research participants could have been more than the six that were used to come up with more clear results however, but the overall results were substantial enough to be utilized by other researchers in the future. Raymond, H. C (2000). Learning to teach foreign languages: A case study of six pre-service teachers in a teacher education program. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio The main aim of this research is to determine the effects of language learning software in a workplace environment and whether individuals are capable of sufficiently teaching themselves a new language without having other responsibilities adversely affected (Nelson, 2011). The research method was based on practical activities that required the participants’ involvement in self teaching exercise using the software after which they were tested by the researchers to determine the progress they were able make (Nelson, 2011). The results found that very few of the participants were able to complete the program and effectively use the software to completion. It was discovered that the participants had very little time to access their accounts (Nelson, 2011). This shows that learning a new language by ones self is extremely difficult and one will still need guidance and support if they are to be successful

ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR - Essay Example This has led to the quest for measures to ensure efficient communication and motivation of staff in order to ensure understanding and coordination within the company. Pioneer Technologies Limited could benefit more from the application of psychological contract in the company. A Psychological Contract is a construct that describes the mutual respect and understanding between an employer and the employees. Most times, the employees support their employer’s casual culture norms which they were accustomed to before they were hired by the employer to be their employees. In Psychological Contract relationship, the employees perceive overt and covert expectations from their employer. Although both parties may not be aware or confess their relationship to each other, they continue to govern their relationship to each other (Hughes, L. W., & Palmer, D. K., 2007). Due to the negative response faced from the staff of Pioneer Technologies Limited, the psychological contract can be integrated by establishing a system of mutual understanding and respect such that both employee and employer perceive each other as important for the survival of the business. The Iceberg model can be employed in Pioneer Technologies Limited to ensure a state of balance where Murthy; founder and the employees are confortable and have a healthy working environment (Janssens, M., & Sels, L., 2003). The iceberg model represents the relationship between the expectations of both the employer and the employees and thus it helps us understand several aspects and influences of their behaviors within the Psychological Contracts theory. The model represents an iceberg with almost 90% of submerged into water. This feature is consistent with the fact that most of the perceptions of the Psychological Contract are not written and neither are they open. They are hidden in our subconscious and neither the employer nor the employee has claim to it. The contract is thus established through a good

Entrepreneurship & Small Business Management Duerr's Jam Essay

Entrepreneurship & Small Business Management Duerr's Jam - Essay Example The best time to evaluate environmental conditions is prior to making a location commitment. Many states offer company location incentives. One strategy is to establish enterprise zones in order to bring jobs to economically deprived areas. Sponsored by local city/country governments, these zones lure businesses by offering regulatory and tax relief. In exchange for locating or expanding in these areas, eligible business firms receive total exemption from the property taxes normally assessed on a new plant and equipment for three to five years. Locating in an enterprise zone will not solve problems created by poor management or make up for an ill-conceived idea. However, enterprise zones can be used as catalyst to help, jump-start a small firm. Personal Preference of the Entrepreneur: As a practical matter, many entrepreneurs tend to discount customer accessibility, business environment conditions, and resource availability and consider only their personal preference in locating a business. Often, their personal preference is their home community; the possibility of locating elsewhere never enters their mind. Background: Fred and Mary Duerr founded their jam- and marmalade- making business in Heywood, Lancashire, in 1881. Mary prepared the preserves in her kitchen and using her own family recipes, while Fred delivered the filled jars by handcart to the local Co-operative Society and other shops. In 1884 production was moved into a factory building at Guide Bridge, North Manchester; but the business expanded so rapidly that in 1890 Fred commissioned a new model jam and marmalade factory at Old Trafford. ... expanded so rapidly that in 1890 Fred commissioned a new model jam and marmalade factory at Old Trafford. The site there is still occupied by Duerr's, now under the direction of Fred and Mary's great-grandsons and his two sons. Business Description:F Duerr & Sons was established in 1881. It deals in food conservatives which include products like jams including reduced sugar jams; conserves; fruit spreads; marmalades and reduced sugar marmalades; peanut butter and fruit curds as well as condiments such as apple sauce. The brand is most prominent within the marmalade sector, with almost 6% market share, and 3.2 million in sales. However, its share has declined from almost 9% in the year 2000 to 5.5% in 2004, representing a decline in sales of 42% over the four year period. This is at a much faster rate than the category as a whole of 6.5%. In April 2003, Duerr's introduced Half Sugar marmalade which contains half the sugar but 50% more fruit, which is suitable for diabetics and can be used as part of a calorie controlled diet. In December 2004, Duerr's launched a range of premium marmalades under the name Mary Berry, a well-known cookery writer. The range comprises three flavors: orange & apricot, ruby red grapefruit, and thick cut marmalade with muscovado sugar. The company is attempting to attract new users with new product launches within the marmalade category. Within the jam sector, Duerr's accounts for just 1% of jam sales, less than 1 million in sales. The company is also represented within the peanut butter sector with the Kernel King brand which accounts for just 1% of sales. It is the only other branded lemon curd within

Customer Satisfaction Of People With Disabilities Tourism Essay

Customer Satisfaction Of People With Disabilities Tourism Essay Abstract Purpose of the paper: The aim of this paper is to address the potentiality, requirements and expectations of people with disabilities and its implication on customer satisfaction in hotels. Design/Methodology/Approach: This article is based on secondary data collection: journal articles, websites, textbooks, pamphlets on people with disability, customer satisfaction and hotel marketing. The methodology of this article is by analysing the people with disability as potential market segment to the hospitality industry and identifying approaches, that hotel could inculcate for better customer satisfaction. Findings: In the hotel sector people with disabilities are tend to be seen as a marginal segment with limited service options available, thus the motivation, experience and satisfaction is greatly affected. However, suggestions provided addressing this issue could enable hotels improve on customer service thus facilitating satisfaction. Research Limitations: This paper exclusively based on secondary data brings out limited outcomes and limits the findings and interpretation compared to primary research data collection. Practical Implication: Hotels catering to tourist with disabilities than just being compliant with the law can do more in order to increase satisfaction and loyalty. This article is useful to organisations to understand this market segment and help develop better service operations. What is original / value of paper? The paper addresses the issue of customer satisfaction focusing on particular tourist segment i.e. people with disability in hotels. The main target audience are hotel managers and employees desiring to understand and achieve customer satisfaction through services offered to tourist with disabilities and in-addition would help hotels aspiring to open doors to this niche market segment. Introduction Customer satisfaction is of utmost importance, often given high priority and frequently is of a matter of concern to managers, employees, marketers of hotel and hospitality service providers (Yuksel and Yuksel, 2001 and Oh and Parks, 1997). Hospitality industries such as hotels strive towards making guest feel more than welcome, provide customer service in such a manner that would satisfy, delight, and make guests come back. Hotels commonly serving non-disabled customers could take step ahead and provide customer service to older and disabled people by making services offered more than accessible, providing accurate information and assistance in a friendly manner, which would enable the industry to secure a more loyal niche growing clientele that remains not quite touched upon (ADA Business Connection, 2006). From the late 80s until early 90s researchers focused on, people with disability within the hospitality and tourism context, yet the study in this area lost impetus (Yau, McKercher and Packer, 2004). However recently Burnett and Baker (2001), Darcy (2002), Ray and Ryder (2003) and McKercher, Packer, Yau and Lam (2003), have recalled this area of study. Hence, research regarding People with disabilities in hospitality context is limited (Burnett and Baker, 2001; Darcy, 2002; Ray and Ryder, 2003 and Israeli, 2002). People with Disabilities are an emerging market segment, which is of interest, with approximately 50 million individuals and expected to double by 2030 (Stumbo and Pegg, 2005). Moreover, the growth of People with Disabilities would also comprise majorly of ageing senior citizens or ageing baby boomers and this market segment would gradually prove to be of importance for the continuing success of the travel and hospitality industry (Burnett and Baker, 2001). Hence, this article focuses on customer satisfaction of people with disabilities as holidaymakers in hotels, which is of importance in order to capture a loyal market not only from a business point of view but also as a responsibility towards society. Moreover, the impending 2012 Paralympics games would certainly witness large number of disabled players and an increase in arrivals of disabled tourist. If hotels wish to exploit the benefits from the disabled tourist, it would be of importance to provide an exceptionally satisfying welcoming experience that would capture a loyal market and ensure return in the future (Department for media culture and sport, 2007a). Thus, customer satisfaction of people with disabilities becomes all the more important. Review of Literature: Disability Defined: Disability under the UK Disability Discrimination Act is defined as a ‘physical or mental impairment, which has a substantial and long term adverse effect on a persons ability to carry out normal day to day activities (Office of Public Sector Information, 2009a, p.2). However, British Council of Disabled People defines disability as a ‘disadvantage or restriction of activity by a society, which takes little or no account of people who have impairments- that is caused by physical, mental or sensory condition; and thus excludes them from mainstream activity (Busby et al., 2000,p.3); ‘Thus, disabled people are with impairments disabled by society'(ibid). Types of disability would include people affected in mobility, manual dexterity, speech, hearing, eyesight, memory or ability to concentrate learn or understand, also people suffering from diabetes, arthritis, multiple sclerosis, HIV, cancer are some of the conditions considered under disability (Department for Work and Pension, 2006). Hence, people with disabilities are not a small group but varied and hotels to achieve customer satisfaction will have considered serving the needs of people with different disabilities. The implementation of the Disability Discrimination Act to an extent has drawn the attention of the hospitality sector towards People with disabilities and have gradually begun to identify them as profitable potential tourist (Shaw and Coles, 2004).The act enforces that service providers do not discriminate people with disabilities whilst providing service (Office of Public Sector Information, 2009b). Business or organisation that provides service, offer facilities or supply goods to public are liable to duties of the Disability Discrimination Act under Part III and this does include hotels (Department of Health, 1996). The duties of this act for the service providers were rolled from 1996 to 2004 in three stages. The main essence of the duties that were introduced in three stages were that service providers discriminating or treating people with disabilities less favourably than non disabled customers was unlawful. In addition, service providers had to make ‘reasonable adjustments for disabled customers such as providing extra help or making changes to the way service is provided and reasonable adjustment to make the premises barrier free (Disability Rights Commission, 2002). Reasonable changes as stated by the legislation could be one reason as to why service providers just tend to be compliant with law by providing minute alteration such as ramps and tend to do nothing more extensive. Prideaux and Roulstone (2009) express that despite of broad explanation expressing the vitality of accessibility to disabled, the representation of term ‘reasonable adjustment as stated in the UK Disability Discrimination Act legislation is still unclear and service providers tend to relive themselves from the responsibility of having extensive accessible service and facility. Customer satisfaction and its importance: Hospitality service providers use customer satisfaction as primary tool, as it helps retain customers, help reduce promotion cost intended to attract new customer since satisfied customers tend to return and aid in promotion of the property (Yuksel, 2001). This can also hold true for disabled tourist, as they tend to get loyal to providers that meet the needs, expectation and have facilities that are accessible, and would aid in promotion. Daniels, Rodgers and Wiggins (2005) establish that people with disabilities when loyal to accessible providers that cater to them, promote and learn about new properties mainly through word of mouth, followed by internet sites and at times also through travel guides. Horner (2004) acclaims that industries benefit with retained customers as these customers who are loyal are likely to return and promote the goodwill of the industry to others which may bring in future business. Thus, customer satisfaction has benefits as it helps minimize extra costs, enables industry know their repeat customer better, which could help in improving future service. Defining customer satisfaction : Customer satisfaction is based on the involvement of various processes and at times on the customer experience and expectation and this makes it highly complex (Johnston and Clark, 2001). Moreover, customer satisfaction based on components like controllability, emotion, inference, motivation, performance by management or employee or any happening during the service delivery; all of which could work independently or in combination influencing the complex process of satisfaction (Oh and Parks 1997, Bowen 2001, Bowen 2002 and Bowen and Clarke 2002). Being a complex process, it is difficult to pinpoint one single definition and as result, customer satisfaction can be defined in various interpretations (Yuksel and Yuksel, 2001). However, Oh and Parks (1997, p.37) based on critical analysis of customer satisfaction suggested a convincing definition that ‘customer satisfaction may result from a very simple or complex process involving extensive cognitive, affective and other undiscove red psychological and physiological dynamics. People with Disability as Potential Market: People with Disabilities are potential customers for the hospitality sector and catering to this customer base would tend to generate billions in the sector (Arellano 2003). Moreover, senior citizens are likely to experience disability in some form as they age, and tend to coincide with that life stage when they enjoy a retired life having time to travel with surplus disposable income (Fleischer and Pizam, 2002). United Nations, (2007) claims by 2050 universally the number of old age population would double. Thus, disability in some form would also be increasing (Mann, 2005). Groschl (2004) express that as people with disabilities is increasing so is desire to travel, and this awareness has given rise to the need for making travelling and facilities barrier free as hospitality industries in the future would have to depend on this market segment (Glover and Prideaux, 2009). Based on the research conducted by Oztruk, Yayli and Yesiltas (2008), in the hospitality sector in Turkey made i t evident that hotels and travel agents encounter tourist with disabilities and have a positive opinion in the growth of this market segment. Another market that Huh and Singh (2007) express are families with a disabled members too travel on holidays and choose hotels having facilities that are accessible too all members and this market fails to be realized by service providers. Disabled holiday makers may at times travel with their partner or children who could be normal and would prefer to stay in hotel room of their choice not in a predetermined segregated accessible room, however disabled tourist have very little option in rooms selection due to limited available rooms (Clark, 2008). This point out hospitality industry such as hotels rarely gives thought to the motives and expectation of disabled tourist whilst designing. Thus, Gladwell and Bedini (2004) acknowledges that hotel employees failing to deliver appropriate service to disabled tourist are not only the ones affected, but also the service affects the family members or individuals accompanying them. With the introduction of Disability Discrimination Act, work places have accepted employees with disabilities, in addition, media has assisted in the gradual change in ideology, attitude of the society and this has vastly given rise to attempts made in order to understand People with Disabilities as a potential market segments thus becoming a new phenomenon (Burnett and Baker, 2001). People with disabilities being a niche market segment in the hospitality sector, a prime .concern that this market segment faces is accessibility to facilities offered, which plays an important role in destination or accommodation decision making; moreover accessibility is measured differently compared to non disabled tourist (Isareli, 2002). Disability in the U.K. In the U.K. about 10 million disabled people dwell (Office for Disability, 2008). Possessing an estimate annual spending power of 80 billion (Breakthrough-UK, 2009). This might suggest that having realized the economic value of this market, hotels would cater and try to delight disabled customers. However an assessment carried by tourism for all estimates that 2% of hotels are found to be wheelchair accessible, moreover the British Hospitality Association assess that out of the new 10,000 hotel rooms built from 2004 only 1% were wheelchair accessible (Department for culture, media and sport, 2007b). This would make one ponder if very few hotel rooms are accessible only to wheel chair users let alone other disabilities, then it might be possible that the customer service offered to disabled tourist too may not be optimal, satisfying or delightful. According to Employers forum on disability (2009), survey conducted in 100 UK companies revealed 44% offer accessible products, only one- third front line departmental employees take into account the preference and needs of people with disability and only 44% companies accept the fact that their websites are accessible to people with disabilities. Hence with so little done suggest that hotel consider disabled tourist marginal and customer satisfaction might not be of importance. The reason behind this could also be due hospitality industries fear that an increase in disabled tourist could displace the normal core business (Phillips, 2002) Attitude towards people with disability: Darcy (1998) reflects how important is recreation for disabled and senior tourist and their attitude towards tourism, but the outlook towards people with disabilities at hospitality destinations (hotels) are a matter of concern. The attitude of the individuals in society and marketers in industries towards People with Disabilities is likely to be prejudiced and hospitality providers such as hotels aim to just be compliant with the discrimination act, but little attention is given on how the act can help satisfy the lucrative People with Disabilities tourist market (Burnett,1996). Attitude against people with disability as in Asia can also be experienced where disabled members are seen as disgrace and believe that people with disability suffer as a result of the doings in previous life (Parker, 2001). Daruwalla and Darcy (2005) based on study conducted suggests that, the attitude of hotel staff can be changed by organising role play , visual information about various impairments and empowering customer service employees to communicate freely with People with Disabilities would change the mindset, moreover such training could be initiated at hospitality institutions. Kaufman-Scarborough (2001) argues that though the ability and necessities of disabled individuals is addressed, very less attention by hotels is given towards understand their needs and capabilities as consumer. Williams, Rattray and Grimes (2006) suggests organisation must view accessibility as a service beneficial to all members of the society and not just confined to People with Disabilities,, moreover such a service which satisfies all members of society would indeed prove to deliver a competitive edge in the market. According to Israeli (2002) hospitality sectors whilst catering and serving People with Disabilitie s find it difficult to meet their needs since the service hospitable attitudes does not flow genuinely and hence not able to serve them well. This indicates that tourist with disabilities when on holidays at hotels will certainly evaluate every facility differently from the point of accessibility and if the service towards them does not flow naturally this could leave them dissatisfied. Thus if hotels take initiative to make- facilities accessible, training employees adequately in order to service and communicate with disabled tourist appropriately will indeed achieve customer satisfaction and be able to capture a growing profitable loyal market. Barriers and its impact on service: Although this disability market segment, requiring special needs is gradually becoming of importance to the hospitality sector, majority of the hospitality industry do very little and tend to do adjustments just to be compliant with the law (Burnett and Baker, 2001). Besides that hotel managers do nothing more to cater or meet the needs of this niche market and tend to project indifference whilst meeting expectations and wants (Rice, 2006). According to Sen and Mayfield (2004) lodging facilities have numerous limitations when catering to People with Disabilities such as transportation, misplaced wheelchairs, the issue of accessibility to various public facilities, and the incapability of dealing appropriately towards people with different disabilities. People with Disabilities find it difficult to move around freely and perform activities and gestures within normal time as compared to non-disabled people (Daniels, Rodgers and Wiggins, 2005). Hence A prerequisite at hospitality sites to serve this special market segment so that their desires to enjoy leisure, experience facilities and rejuvenate at hospitality sites which are same as non disabled people is requirement of qualified human resource (Oztruk, Yayli and Yesiltas, 2008). Non disabled tourist have better experience than disabled tourist and hence if hotels wish to cater and serve people with disabilities then the barriers faced by people with disabilities such as mobility impaired, visually impaired, mentally impaired must be considered (Thapar et al., 2004). This segment comprises of various challenges that industry may face due to need for special equipments, change in structure, incapability of staff to handle customers (Ray and Ryder, 2003). It is vital that tourist sites that intend to cater to such a lucrative segment must address to special needs and consider barrier removals in order to make facilities accessible and enjoyable (Oztruk, Yayli and Yesiltas, 2008). Which would service not only people with disabilities but others too such as guests carrying heavy luggage or having baby pushchair (Westcott, 2004). Oztruk, Yayli and Yesiltas (2008) do opine that much more needs to be done for this market segment in order to increase the number of tr ips taken by disabled tourist, increasing activities in hotels and vitally hospitality sectors need to be educated on interaction and maintaining positive relationship with disabled tourist. Besides the structural barriers, disabled tourist due to their personality and difference in communication whilst socializing transpire as constraints to have an effective relationship with the society (Daniels, Rodgers and Wiggins, 2005). However, McKercher, Packer, Yau and Lam (2003) underpins that People with Disabilities as tourist are very well capable of establishing relation with people around them. In the tourism industry, service providers, which also include hotels, do little in regards to educating and training their employees in areas of understanding and serving People with Disabilities appropriately (Grady and Ohlin, 2009; McKercher, Packer, Yau and Lam, 2003 and Miller and Kirk, 2002). Lack of communication, knowledge about various impairments and negative prejudice leads to individuals maintaining distant and tend to have a wrong mindset about People with Disabilities. Thus, at times hospitality service providers having a stereotype view of People with Disabilities as sume that a disabled person is incapable of any activities one such example is the assumption that ‘wheelchair chair user is unable to communicate (Daruwalla and Darcy, 2005, p. 552). This suggests that negative attitude and lack of knowledge will indeed put employees in a position not knowing how to react or serve and communicate with disabled tourist. Smith, Austin, and Kennedy (2001) assert that tourist with disabilities when confronted with barriers that mar their movement greatly lowers their leisure satisfaction and tend to avoid such destinations. Through the survey conducted by Grady and Ohlin (2009) it was evident that hospitality managers find it difficult to cater to the needs of People with Disabilities as tourist since hoteliers lack the knowledge of dealing effectively thus meeting needs and expectation. Daniels, Rodgers and Wiggins (2005) state that hotel employees are prone to be underprepared in effectively dealing with People with Disabilities as tourist as they lack information and training in dealing with them. This points out that with such service delivered would certainly not satisfy or delight the tourist. Accessibility and impact on customer satisfaction: People with Disabilities and their quality of life is greatly impacted by recreation and it is vital for such recreational sites to be accessible, since through empirical research it was evident that accessible recreation sites have positive enriching effect on People with Disabilities (Darcy and Daruwalla, 1999 and Ray and Ryder, 2003). Before embarking on a travel journey, in order to be safe and have an enjoyable experience, people with disabilities must judge and decide on various concerns, determine risks by gathering required information and the criterias that influence decision process is more complex than for a non disabled tourist (Yau, McKercher and Packer, 2004). If People with Disabilities as tourist are not provided with necessary accessible information by the hotel or through hotel website, the satisfaction of choosing the hotel may not be experienced and this would restrain the motivation and desire to travel (OConnor and Frew, 2002). This suggests that if initially it self the motivation and desire to travel is not that high, due to lack of information the customer satisfaction could also be at jeopardy. Moreover, despite of risk evaluation People with Disabilities encounter many hurdles whilst they travel and sites that are inaccessible could have an impact on them, spoil their holiday and could even diminish their travel as well as stay experience (Oztruk, Yayli and Yesiltas, 2008). Hotels in particular though claim to be accessible, are in-fact not completely and easily accessible to disable tourist, and hence disabled tourist lack trust on hotels and rely on personal inspection of accessibility (Ray and Ryder 2003). This indicates that people with disabilities would be apprehensive whilst selecting places. Hence Ray and Ryder (2003) suggests that marketers can reach out to People with Disabilities and can be attracted to destinations is by highlighting them in advertisements, which could encourage the selection of destination. Therefore, according to McKercher, Packer, Yau and Lam (2003) people with disabilities unlike non-disabled tourist face barriers that are inherent, economi c, and environmental that hinder participation, interactive barrier- that is due to the attitude of hospitality service providers and non-availability of accessible information. The above-mentioned barriers are ascertained by Clark (2007) based on his life experience he expresses that, holiday for people with disabilities could be miserable. Since often, hotels have few accessible rooms and tend to be occupied by non-disabled people; moreover online hotel reservation websites lack the option for selecting an accessible room and in addition, travel agents charge more for service offered. Thus, Westcott (2004) articulates that people with disabilities tend to be more loyal and would return to those locations, which are accessible, where their needs are catered and make holiday experience memorable. Hence, it is suggested that to better serve People with Disabilities, which would satisfy and delight them it is important that hoteliers understand what within the establishment would prevent disabled tourist to participate in activities (Goodall, Pottinger, Dixon and Russell, 2004). Web site barrier: The advocates of People with Disabilities believe that hotel web sites that fall under the disability discrimination act and must be made accessible, however courts are yet to ensure that (Kreismann and Palmer, 2001 and Sherwyn, Eigen and Klausner, 2000). People with Disabilities such as visually impaired find it difficult to navigate through website (Mills, Han and Clay, 2008). In addition, face way-finding barrier, which can be over come with the help of facilitator (Thapar et al., 2004). This suggests that the satisfaction of visually disabled tourist may not be optimal since hotel websites if not accessible would influence the decision and service experience. Williams, Rattray and Grimes (2007) ascertains that hospitality industry when developing websites rarely take impaired users into consideration and hence few websites can be found that are friendly to visually impaired users. Mills, Han and Clay (2008)says that websites with accessibility barriers pose as a problem and decreases the opportunity of using websites, however websites when made accessible make People with Disabilities independent and can get-into websites for information despite the impairments. Some facilitators that can be used in websites are screen-read softwares that convert text on websites into speech or can also convert text into Braille (OBrien 2005). Web content accessibility must be capable to serve individual in society, which also includes People with Disabilities, however hotel website information accessibility is low and fails to meet the needs of disabled tourist for whom information provided plays an important role in travel decision-making (William, Rattray and Grimes, 2007). Despite this, various hotels fail to make provision for people with disabilities and on inspection by William and Rattray (2005), they discovered that many hotels have their web pages that are not access ible and even if they are, it was found to be compliant only with first level of accessibility addressed by world wide web consortium (W3C). Hence, it is evident that without proper web accessibility and inaccurate information for such a large market of people with disabilities who wish to travel may experience dissatisfaction through the service offered by hotels. Nusair and Kandampully (2008) put forth that service offered through websites that are accessible, helpful and providing desired information greatly affects customer satisfaction positively. To facilitate accessibility to all including disabled tourist the world wide web consortium have developed web content accessibility guidelines, following which, enables access to all(World Wide Web Consortium, 1999.) Apart from facilitators that convert text to speech or Braille which is very convenient for people with disabilities such as blindness, deafness but it is also important to address web accessibility for those have reading difficulty. WebPages commonly use option for changing the text size for accessibility but pay little attention to colour, it is important to note that some users cannot differentiate between colours and options must also be available to view text without colour and colour scheme used must be contrasting enough (World Wide Web Consortium, 1999). These simple guidelines in hotel websites could influence satisfaction, help in decision-making and the people with disabilities as tourist may patronize such hotels. Practically most of the industries universally lose some of their customers to competitors (Devlin, Gwynne and Ennew, 2002). This may be because the competing service provider is likely to meet the customers satisfaction level and expectation. Forsyth (1999) put forth that suppliers tend to cater to specific wants; however, customers commonly wish to do be associated with suppliers and their employees who are creative, honest, responsive, knowledgeable, approachable and cater to all wants and this makes customers see them as professional and tend to switch and maintain relation with such suppliers. Influence of hotel service on customer satisfaction. Customer oriented industries such as hotels place customer at the core whilst evaluating customer satisfaction, however in order to do so is it important to understand the customers needs and expectations which would help maximize satisfaction and maintain competitiveness and profitability ( McMullan, 2005). The study conducted by Danaher and Mattsson (1994) reveals that customer satisfaction in hotels is based on evaluation of various services offered which customers are likely to evaluate them separately and not collectively hence strongly impacting customer satisfaction. According to Forsyth (1999) in hospitality industry such as hotels, customer service is of prime importance to maintain good customer relation and maintain customer satisfaction. Cartwright (2000) argues that delighting a customer is also of importance and can be achieved when product and facilities serve more than expected. Service providers are now realising that delighting customers is more vital since by just satisfying customers and gaining their loyalty though are primary factors whilst satisfying customers cannot be entirely relied on. Disabled customers too travel and wish to enjoy facilities, services and are delighted when all is accessible, hotels need to keep them in mind whilst assessing their services. Shoemaker and Bowen (2003) revealed that in order to delight, maintain loyalty and connection, and gain trust from customers for the organisation it is important that all services and facilities are designed keeping customers into consideration. Based on survey conducted by Wei, Ruys and Muller (1999) concluded that people with disabilities and including senior travellers gave more importance to facilities and service that the hotel offered than other attributes such as dà ©cor, price, food and beverage, when judging the satisfaction they experienced during their stay. Zeitmal and Bitner (2003) explains that in order to achieve customer satisfaction, it is important to maintain quality and standard in every customer service encounter, in-order to do so it is important that employees understand specific requirements and priorities of customers during each service encounter. Findings and Suggestions:. From the literature it is evident that people with disabilities experience a lot of constraints, and have to consider various risks when planning to travel, also they face with limited options during travel selection process (United Nations, 2007). The lodging facilities such as hotels too are few that are able to cater to their needs and treat them as expected (Vignuda, 2001). Thus, often-disabled travellers are forced to select only those hotels that they are aware of, which will cater to their needs, since other hotels fail to treat them as expected and would fail to provide a satisfying experience. It is apparent that gradually in the future hospitality industries such as hotel would have to cater to this growing market and customer satisfaction would be of importance to ensure repeat business and draw such a niche market into hotels. Most of the service providers are reactive and implement installation of ramps or automatic door

presidential elections over the years :: essays research papers

Presidential Elections: Then and Now The presidency is the single most important position in all of American government. Who the presidents were and what they did say a lot about America as a whole. In colonial America, the election of public and church officials could probably date back to the very beginning at Plymouth Rock. In the presidential era of the late 19th century, the job as president was considered just that, a job. The presidents made little effort to reach out to the public unlike today where that is the main audience; they need to make the public happy. The president was seen as merely a type of civil servant. All other parts of the government were more important. For example, Congress, who controlled the federal budget, public issues, and legislation, allowed no type of interference from the president. Today the president is more of a leader, equip with more power than in the past. Today the United States Constitution states that there is a right to hold elections, but the methods and places are left up to the state. It also states that the elections of presidents and vice presidents are to be indirect, which means that they are chosen by electors whom are selected by the people-the Electoral College. There is more emphasis on what the people want and need. This is one result of a changing government and society. With these changes came changes in the way the presidential elections were seen and controlled and also the methods taken to achieve a victory. There are many differences in the presidential elections of the late 19th, early 20th century and with the elections of today, however there are similarities too. The major areas about presidential elections that are easily comparable are the areas of campaigning, debates, and issues. In the early years of the nation, men would be asked to take political office. These men were supposedly well known and their character and experience were expected to speak for themselves. As politics democratized in the 19th century, men began to â€Å"run† for public office by promoting themselves through campaigning. This was true for all offices except the presidency. The public and press were opposed to presidential campaigning because it was a too dignified position for the candidates to embarrass themselves with personal salesmanship. People felt the president should be above partisanship. This way he would be able to act for the common good. presidential elections over the years :: essays research papers Presidential Elections: Then and Now The presidency is the single most important position in all of American government. Who the presidents were and what they did say a lot about America as a whole. In colonial America, the election of public and church officials could probably date back to the very beginning at Plymouth Rock. In the presidential era of the late 19th century, the job as president was considered just that, a job. The presidents made little effort to reach out to the public unlike today where that is the main audience; they need to make the public happy. The president was seen as merely a type of civil servant. All other parts of the government were more important. For example, Congress, who controlled the federal budget, public issues, and legislation, allowed no type of interference from the president. Today the president is more of a leader, equip with more power than in the past. Today the United States Constitution states that there is a right to hold elections, but the methods and places are left up to the state. It also states that the elections of presidents and vice presidents are to be indirect, which means that they are chosen by electors whom are selected by the people-the Electoral College. There is more emphasis on what the people want and need. This is one result of a changing government and society. With these changes came changes in the way the presidential elections were seen and controlled and also the methods taken to achieve a victory. There are many differences in the presidential elections of the late 19th, early 20th century and with the elections of today, however there are similarities too. The major areas about presidential elections that are easily comparable are the areas of campaigning, debates, and issues. In the early years of the nation, men would be asked to take political office. These men were supposedly well known and their character and experience were expected to speak for themselves. As politics democratized in the 19th century, men began to â€Å"run† for public office by promoting themselves through campaigning. This was true for all offices except the presidency. The public and press were opposed to presidential campaigning because it was a too dignified position for the candidates to embarrass themselves with personal salesmanship. People felt the president should be above partisanship. This way he would be able to act for the common good.